1. Central Nervous System (CNS) Encephalon Brain Brainstem Cerebellum Spinal cord 2. Peripheral Nervous System Cranial nerve(s) Spinal nerve(s) 3. Somatic Nervous System 4. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system 5. Telencephalon Right (left) cerebral hemisphere Longitudinal cerebral fissure Gray matter of cerebral hemisphere: sulci (grooves) of cerebral cortex Central sulcus (of Roland) Lateral sulcus (of Sylvius) Cingulate sulcus Parietooccipital sulcus Calcarine sulcus Gray matter: lobes and gyri of cerebral cortex Frontal lobe- precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, orbital gyri, straight gyrus, anterior (part of) paracentral lobule Parietal lobe- postcentral gyrus, posterior (part of) paracentral lobule, superior parietal lobule, inferior parietal lobule, angular gyrus, precuneus Temporal lobe- superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, transverse temporal gyri, fusiform gyrus Occipital lobe- cuneus, lingual gyrus, occipital gyri Insula Olfactory (smell) system- olfactory bulb, olfactory nerves, olfactory tract Limbic lobe and limbic system- cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, uncus, hippocampus 6. Functional areas of cerebral cortex Primary motor cortex (area) and pyramidal motor system Premotor and supplementary motor cortex and extrapyramidal motor system Frontal eye field Primary somatosensory cortex Somatosensory association cortex Gustatory (taste) cortex Primary visual cortex Visual association cortex Primary auditory cortex Auditory association cortex Motor speech area (Broca’s area) Sensory speech area (Wernicke’s area) Visual speech area Prefrontal cortex 1. Gray matter of cerebral hemisphere- Basal ganglia Corpus striatum ▪ (Head, body, and tail of) Caudate nucleus ▪ Lentiform nucleus- Globus pallidus, Putamen Claustrum Amygdaloid nuclear complex (amygdala, amygdaloid body) 2. Striatal motor system 3. Substantia nigra 4. Nigrostriatal dopaminergic projection 5. White matter of cerebral hemisphere Arcuate fasciculus (Column, body, commissure, crus of) fornix Papez circuit (Rostrum, genu, body, splenium of) corpus callosum (Anterior limb, genu, posterior limb, sublenticular part, retrolenticular part) of internal capsule 6. Ventricular system of CNS (Anterior horn, body, posterior horn, inferior horn of ) lateral ventricle Interventricular foramen (of Monro) Third ventricle Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) Fourth ventricle Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Choroid plexus Ćwiczenie 3. Ćwiczenie 4. Treść pochodzi z serwisu www.umb.edu.pl © Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku Data wydruku: 27.11.2022 22:19 Strona: 5 z 24 1. Thalamus Pulvinar Lateral (medial) geniculate body Ventral posterolateral nucleus VPL Ventral posteromedial nucleus VPM Internal medullary lamina Intralaminar (centromedian) nuclei CM and reticular formation Anterior nucleus of thalamus and Papez circuit 2. Subthalamus 3. Pineal gland (body) 4. Posterior commissure 5. Hypothalamus Optic nerve Optic chiasm Optic tract Tuber cinereum Infundibulum Hypophysis (pituitary gland) ▪ Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe of pituitary gland) ▪ Neurohypophysis (posterior lobe of pituitary gland) Mammillary body Lateral hypothalamic area- hunger center Ventomedial nucleus- satiety center Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei Arcuate (infundibular) nucleus 6. Third ventricle 1. Midbrain (mesencephalon) Cerebral peduncle Interpeduncular fossa Tectum (tectal plate) ▪ Superior (inferior) colliculus ▪ Superior cerebellar peduncle Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) Substantia nigra Cerebral crus (crus cerebri) Tegmentum ▪ Red nucleus 2. Oculomotor nerve CNIII 3. Trochlear nerve CNIV 4. Pons 5. Middle cerebellar peduncle 6. Cerebellopontine angle 7. Trigeminal nerve CNV 8. Abducent nerve CNVI 9. Facial nerve CNVII 10. Vestibulocochlear nerve CNVIII 11. Ascending reticular system 12. Descending reticular system 13. Fourth ventricle Rhomboid fossa Median aperture (of Magendie) Lateral aperture(s) (of Lushka) Ćwiczenie 5. Ćwiczenie 6. Treść pochodzi z serwisu www.umb.edu.pl © Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku Data wydruku: 27.11.2022 22:19 Strona: 6 z 24 1. Medulla oblongata 2. Pyramid of medulla oblongata 3. Pyramidal decussation 4. Corticospinal (pyramidal) tract 5. Olive of medulla oblongata 6. Inferior cerebellar peduncle 7. Glossopharyngeal nerve CNIX 8. Vagus nerve CNX 9. Accessory nerve CNXI 10. Hypoglossal nerve CNXII 11. Gracile fasciculus 12. Gracile nucleus 13. Cuneate fasciculus 14. Cuneate nucleus 15. Medial lemniscus 16. Decussation of medial lemniscorum 17. Autonomic nervous system 18. Sympathetic nervous system 19. Parasympathetic nervous system 20. Enteric system 21. Sympathetic trunk 1. Cerebellum 2. Right and left cerebellar hemisphere 3. Vermis of cerebellum 4. Cerebellar tonsil 5. Anterior lobe of cerebellum 6. Posterior lobe of cerebellum 7. Flocculonodular lobe of cerebellum (flocculus and nodule of cerebellum) 8. Fastigial nucleus 9. Interposed nucleus 10. Globose nucleus 11. Emboliform nucleus 12. Dentate nucleus 13. Fourth ventricle 14. Rhomboid fossa 15. Dura mater 16. (Spinal) epidural space 17. Middle meningeal artery 18. Falx cerebri 19. Tentorium cerebelli 20. Superior (inferior) sagittal sinus 21. Straight sinus 22. Confluence of sinuses 23. Transverse sinus 24. Sigmoid sinus 25. Internal jugular vein 26. Cavernous sinus 27. Subdural space 28. Arachnoid mater 29. Arachnoid granulations 30. Subarachnoid space 31. Cerebrospinal fluid CSF 32. (Spinal) lumbar cistern 33. Cerebellospinal cistern 34. Pia mater Ćwiczenie 7. Ćwiczenie 8. 1. Spinal cord 2. Spinal nerve 3. Anterior (ventral) rootlets (roots) of spinal nerve 4. Posterior (dorsal) rootlets (roots) of spinal nerve 5. Spinal ganglion 6. Anterior (ventral) branch (ramus) of spinal nerve 7. Posterior (dorsal) branch (ramus) of spinal nerve 8. Meningeal branch (ramus) of spinal nerve 9. Cauda equina 10. Anterior (posterior) horn of spinal cord 11. Lateral horn of spinal cord 12. Anterior (lateral) funiculus of spinal cord 13. Posterior funiculus (dorsal column) of spinal cord 14. Gracile fasciculus 15. Cuneate fasciculus 16. Dorsal column- medial lemniscus tract 17. Lateral (anterior) spinothalamic tract 18. Lateral (anterior) corticospinal (pyramidal) tract 19. Upper (central) motor neuron 20. Lower (peripheral) motor neuron 1. Internal carotid artery 2. Ophthalmic artery 3. Central retinal artery 4. Anterior cerebral artery 5. Anterior communicating artery 6. Middle cerebral artery 7. Anterior choroid artery 8. Posterior communicating artery 9. Vertebral artery 10. Anterior spinal artery 11. Posterior spinal artery 12. Posterior inferior cerebellar artery 13. Basilar artery 14. Anterior inferior cerebellar artery 15. Labyrinthine artery 16. Superior cerebellar artery 17. Posterior cerebral artery 18. Arterial circle of Willis 19. Great anterior medullary artery (artery of Adamkiewicz) 20. Great cerebral vein (of Galen)

1. Systema nervosum centrale (CNS) Encephalon Brain Brainstem Cerebellum Chorda spinae 2. Systema nervosum periphericum Nervus cranialis (s) Nervus spinalis (s) 3. Systema nervosum Somaticum 4. Systema nervosum autonomicum (ANS) Systema nervosum sympathicum Systema nervosum parasympatheticum 5. Telencephalon Dextra (reliquit) hemisphaerium cerebri Fissura cerebri longitudinalis Materia grisea hemisphaerii cerebri: sulci (striati) cerebri cortex Sulcus centralis (Roland) Sulcus lateralis (of Sylvius) Sulcus cingulatus Sulcus parietooccipitalis Calcarinum sulcus Materia grisea: lobi et gyri cortex cerebri Gyrus frontalis lobe- precentralis, gyrus frontalis superior, medius gyrus frontalis, gyrus frontalis inferior, gyrus orbitalis, gyrus directus; anterior (pars) lobuli paracentralis Gyrus parietalis lobe- postcentralis, posterior (pars) lobula paracentralis, lobula parietalis superior, lobus parietalis inferior; gyrus angularis, precuneus lobus temporalis gyrus temporalis superior temporalis gyrus, gyrus temporalis inferior, gyrus temporalis transversus, fusiformis gyrus gyrus occipitalis, gyrus lingualis, gyrus occipitalis Insula Olfactorius (odor) systema- bulbus olfactorius, nervi olfactorii; tractus olfactorius lobus limbi et systematis limbi cingulati gyrus; parahippocampal gyrus, uncus, hippocampus 6.Eget areas of cerebri cortex Cortex motor primarius (area) et systema motoria pyramidalis Premotor et accessiones motor cortex et extrapyramidalis motor ratio Oculus frontalis agri Cortex primarius somatosensorius Somatosensoria societas cortex gustus (gustus) cortex Cortex visualis Primary Cortex visual consociatio Cortex auditorium primarium Cortex consociatio auditoriae Area sermonis motoris (in area Broca) Oratio sensoria regio (Wernicke's area) Visual oratio area Cortex Prefrontal 1. Gray materia cerebri hemisphere- gangliae basalis Corpus striatum (caput, corpus et cauda) nucleus caudatus Nucleus lentiformis- Globus pallidus, Putamen Claustrum Amygdaloidea nuclei (amygdala, amygdaloida) corpus) 2. systematis Striatalis motoriis 3. Substantia nigra 4. Nigrostriatal dopaminergic proiectura 5. Alba materia hemisphaerii cerebri Fasciculus arcuatus (columna, corpus, commissura, crus) fornix Papez circuit corpus callosum (Membris anterior, genu, membrum posterior, pars sublenticularis; pars retrolenticularis) capsulae internae 6.Systema ventriculi CNS Cornu anterior , corpus , cornu posterior , cornu inferior . ventriculus lateralis Foramen interventriculare (of Monro) Tertius ventriculus Aquaeductus cerebri (of Sylvii) Quartus ventriculus Liquor cerebrospinalis (CSF) Plexus chorioideus wiczenie 3. wiczenie 4. Treść pochodzi z serwisu www.umb.edu.pl © Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku Data wydruku: 27.11.2022 22:19 Strona: 5 z 24 1. Thalamus Pulvinar Corpus geniculatum laterale Ventralis lateralis nucleus VPL Ventralis posteromedialis nucleus VPM Internus medullaris laminae nuclei CM et formatio reticularis intralaminaris Nucleus anterior thalamus et Papez circuit 2. Subthalamus 3. Glandula pinealis (body) 4. Posterior commissura 5. Hypothalamus Nervus opticus Chiasmus opticus Tractus opticus Tuberculum cinereum Infundibulum Hypophysis (glandula pituitaria) ▪ adenohypophysis (lobus anterior glandulae pituitariae) Neurohypophysis (lobus posterioris glandulae pituitariae) Corpus Mammillarium lateralis hypothalamic area- fame centrum Ventomedialis nucleus- satietas centrum Nuclei paraventriculares supraoptic et nucleus arcuatus (infundibularis) 6. Tertius ventriculus 1 .Medium (mesencephalon) Pedunculus cerebri Fossa interpeduncularis Tectum Superior (inferior) colliculus Superior pedunculus cerebellaris Aquaeductus cerebri (of Sylvii) Substantia nigra Crus cerebri (crus cerebri) Tegmentum Red nucleus 2. Nervus oculomotorius CNIII 3. Nervus trochlearis CNIV 4. Poncius 5. Pedunculus medius cerebelli 6. angulus Cerebellopontinus 7. Nervus trigeminus CNV 8. Nervus abducens CNVI 9. Nervus facialis CNVII 10. Nervus vestibulocochlearis CNVIII 11. Ascendens reticularis ratio 12. Descendens systema reticularium 13. Quartus ventriculus Fossa Rhomboidea Foramen Medus (Magendie) Apertura lateralis (s) (Lushka) wiczenie 5. wiczenie 6. Treść pochodzi z serwisu www.umb.edu.pl © Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku Data wydruku: 27.11.2022 22:19 Strona: 6 z 24 1. Medulla oblongata 2. Pyramidis medulla oblongata 3. Pyramidalis decussatio 4. Corticospinalis (pyramidalis) tract 5. Oliva medullae oblongatae 6. pedunculus cerebellaris inferior 7. Nervus glossopharyngeus CNIX 8. Nervus Vagus CNX 9. Nervus accessorius CNXI 10. Nervus hypoglossus CNXII 11. Gracile fasciculus 12. Gracile nucleus 13. fasciculus cuneatus 14. nucleus cuneatus 15. Lemniscus 16. Decussatio lemniscorum medialis 17. Systema nervosum autonomicum 18. Systema nervosum Sympatheticum XVIIII.Systema nervosum parasympatheticum 20. Systema Enteric 21. Sympatheticus truncus 1. Cerebellum 2. Dextra et sinistra hemisphaerii cerebelli 3. Vermis cerebelli 4. Tonsilla cerebellaris 5. lobus anterior cerebelli 6. lobus posterior cerebelli 7. lobus flocculonodulus cerebelli (flocculus et nodulus cerebelli) 8. Nucleus Fastigialis 9. nucleus interpositus 10. nucleus Globosus 11. nucleus Emboliformes 12. nucleus dentatis 13. Quartus ventriculus 14. Rhomboidea fossae 15. Dura mater 16. (Medinale) spatium epidurale 17. Arteria meningea media 18. Falx cerebri 19. Tentorium cerebelli 20. Superior sinus sagittalis 21. Rectus sinus 22. Confluentes sinuum 23. sinus transversus 24. Sinus Sigmoidea 25. Vena jugularis interna 26. Cavernosus sinus 27. spatium subdurale 28. Arachnoidis mater 29. Arachnoides carunculae 30. Subarachnoideum spatium 31. Cerebrospinalis liquor CSF 32. (Medinale) cisternam lumborum; 33. cisternam cerebellospinalem 34. Piae matris wiczenie 7. wiczenie 8. 1. medulla spinalis 2. Nervus medulla 3. anterior (ventralis) rootlets (radices) nervi medullae 4. Posterior (dorsalis) rootlets (radices) nervi medullae 5. Medulla ganglii 6. Ramus anterior, ramus nervi spinalis 7. Ramus posterior 8. ramus meningeus (ramus) nervi medullae 9. Cauda equina 10. Anterior cornu medullae spinalis 11.Cornu medullae lateralis 12. Anterior (lateral) funiculus medullae spinalis 13. Posterior funiculus (columna dorsalis) medullae spinalis 14. Gracile fasciculus 15. fasciculus cuneatus 16. Tractus dorsalis columna medialis lemniscus 17. Tractus lateralis spinothalamicus 18. Tractus lateralis corticospinalis 19. Superior (media) motor neuron 20. Inferius (periphericis) motor cell 1. Arteria carotidis interna 2. arteriae ophthalmicae 3. Arteria retinae centralis 4. Arteria cerebri anterior 5. Arteria communicans anterior 6. Arteria cerebri media 7. Arteria choroidea anterior 8. Posterior communicans arteriam 9. Arteria vertebralis 10. Arteria medulla anterior 11. Arteria posterior spinalis 12. Arteria cerebellaris inferior posterior 13. Arteria basilaris 14. Arteria cerebellaris inferior 15. Arteria labyrinthina 16. Arteria cerebellaris superior 17. Arteria cerebri posterior 18. Circulus arteriosus Willis 19. Magna anterior arteria medullaris (arteria Adamkiewicz) 20. Vena cerebri magni (Galeni) ;